False Friends in Slavic Languages
Bulgarian ‘брак’
The database knows following meanings of the Bulgarian word ‘брак’:
- rejects, refuse, waste
- marriage
Semasiological map for ‘*brakъ’
The database has information related to this term for Belarusian, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian and Ukrainian.
Bulgarian ‘брак’:
- is a complete false friend in Slovak.
- does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in Belarusian, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Polish, Serbian and Ukrainian.
- has additional meanings in Belarusian, Czech, Polish, Russian and Ukrainian.
- does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.
- The Bulgarian meaning ‘rejects, refuse, waste’ is shared by Belarusian брак, Czech brak, Polish brak, Russian брак and Ukrainian брак.
- The Bulgarian meaning ‘marriage’ is shared by Bosnian brak, Croatian brak, Macedonian брак, Russian брак and Serbian брак.
- The meaning ‘defect, flaw’ (not present in Bulgarian ‘брак’, translated as ‘недостатък, грешка’) is attested in Polish brak, Russian брак and Ukrainian брак.
- The meaning ‘lack, deficiency’ (not present in Bulgarian ‘брак’, translated as ‘липса’) is attested in Belarusian брак, Polish brak and Ukrainian брак.
- The meaning ‘junk, trash’ (not present in Bulgarian ‘брак’) is attested in Czech brak and Slovak brak.
NB: No information yet for Kashubian, Lower Sorbian and Upper Sorbian.
| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Belarusian брак | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning in Bosnian:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Bosnian brak | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning in Croatian:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Croatian brak | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Czech brak | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning in Macedonian:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Macedonian брак | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning in Polish:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Polish brak | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning in Russian:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Russian брак | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning in Serbian:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Serbian брак | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Slovak brak | Meaning:
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| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Slovenian ∅ - no corresponding term. |
| Bulgarian брак |
Meaning in Ukrainian:
| Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Ukrainian брак | Meaning in Bulgarian:
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Semasiological Map for *brakъ
                              *brakъ
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Meanings:  ‘defect, flaw’ ‘rejects, refuse, waste’ ‘lack, deficiency’ ‘junk, trash’ ‘marriage’ no such word no information yet
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| *brakъ | |||||
| defect, flaw | rejects, refuse, waste | lack, deficiency | junk, trash | marriage | |
| Russian брак | + | + | + | ||
| Ukrainian брак | + | + | + | ||
| Belarusian брак | + | + | |||
| Polish brak | + | + | + | ||
| Czech brak | + | + | |||
| Slovak brak | + | ||||
| Slovenian ∅ | |||||
| Croatian brak | + | ||||
| Bosnian brak | + | ||||
| Serbian брак | + | ||||
| Macedonian брак | + | ||||
| Bulgarian брак | + | + | |||
| Meanings | defect, flaw | rejects, refuse, waste | lack, deficiency | junk, trash | marriage |