False Friends in Slavic Languages
Russian ‘трудная’
Grammar: f.
Synonym: трудный m.
The database knows following meanings of the Russian word ‘трудная’:
- hard (syn.: ‘трудный’)
- pregnant (syn.: ‘беременная’)
Semasiological map for ‘*trudьnъ’
The database has information related to this term for Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Kashubian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian and Ukrainian.
Russian ‘трудная’:
- is a complete false friend in Slovenian.
- is a true friend in Bulgarian.
- does not have all its Russian meanings in Bosnian, Croatian, Kashubian, Polish, Slovak and Ukrainian.
- has additional meanings in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian.
- does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian or Czech.
- The Russian meaning ‘hard’ is shared by Bulgarian труден, Bulgarian трудна, Kashubian trudni, Polish trudny, Serbian трудан, Serbian трудна, Slovak trudný and Ukrainian трудний.
- The Russian meaning ‘pregnant’ is shared by Bosnian trudna, Bulgarian трудна, Croatian trudna and Serbian трудна.
- The meaning ‘tired’ (not present in Russian ‘трудная’, translated as ‘усталый’) is attested in Bosnian trudan, Bosnian trudna, Croatian trudan, Croatian trudna, Serbian трудан, Serbian трудна and Slovenian truden.
NB: No information yet for Macedonian, Lower Sorbian and Upper Sorbian.
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Belarusian ∅ - no corresponding term. |
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning in Bosnian:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Bosnian I. trudan Grammar: m. (Syn.: trudna f.) |
Meaning in Russian:
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| II. trudna Grammar: f. (Syn.: trudan m.) |
Meaning in Russian:
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning in Bulgarian:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Bulgarian I. труден Grammar: m. (Syn.: трудна f.) |
Meaning in Russian:
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| II. трудна Grammar: f. (Syn.: труден m.) |
Meaning in Russian:
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning in Croatian:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Croatian I. trudan Grammar: m. (Syn.: trudna f.) |
Meaning in Russian:
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| II. trudna Grammar: f. (Syn.: trudan m.) |
Meaning in Russian:
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Czech ∅ - no corresponding term. |
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Kashubian trudni |
Meaning in Russian:
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning in Polish:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Polish trudny |
Meaning in Russian:
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning in Serbian:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Serbian I. трудан Grammar: m. (Syn.: трудна f.) |
Meaning in Russian:
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| II. трудна Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудан m.) |
Meaning in Russian:
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Slovak trudný |
Meaning in Russian:
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning in Slovenian:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Slovenian truden |
Meaning in Russian:
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Russian трудная Grammar: f. (Syn.: трудный m.) See also: трудный |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Ukrainian трудний |
Meaning in Russian:
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Semasiological Map for *trudьnъ
                     
*trudьnъ
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Meanings:  ‘hard’
 ‘tired’
 ‘pregnant’
 no such word
no information yet
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View this map on Wikibooks [Discussion] Edit
| *trudьnъ |
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| hard | tired | pregnant | |
| Russian трудный m. | + | ||
| Russian трудная f. | + | + | |
| Ukrainian трудний | + | ||
| Belarusian ∅ | |||
| Polish trudny | + | ||
| Kashubian trudni | + | ||
| Czech ∅ | |||
| Slovak trudný | + | ||
| Slovenian truden | + | ||
| Croatian trudan m. | + arch. |
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| Croatian trudna f. | + arch. |
+ | |
| Bosnian trudan m. | + arch. |
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| Bosnian trudna f. | + arch. |
+ | |
| Serbian трудан m. | + | + arch. |
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| Serbian трудна f. | + | + arch. |
+ |
| Bulgarian труден m. | + | ||
| Bulgarian трудна f. | + | + arch. |
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| Meanings | hard | tired | pregnant |