False Friends in Slavic Languages
Polish ‘czerstwy’
The database knows following meanings of the Polish word ‘czerstwy’:
- fresh (syn.: ‘świeży’)
- stale
- dry pastries
Semasiological map for ‘*čьrstvъ’
The database has information related to this term for Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Upper Sorbian and Ukrainian.
Polish ‘czerstwy’:
- The Polish meaning ‘fresh’ is shared by Czech čerstvý, Slovak čerstvý and Upper Sorbian čerstwy.
- The Polish meaning ‘stale’ is shared by Belarusian чэрствы, Russian чёрствый and Ukrainian черствий.
- The Polish meaning ‘dry pastries’ is unique.
- The meaning ‘sturdy’ (not present in Polish ‘czerstwy’) is attested in Bosnian čvrst, Croatian čvrst and Serbian чврст.
- The meaning ‘hard, dry’ (not present in Polish ‘czerstwy’) is attested in Russian чёрствый.
- The meaning ‘nimble’ (not present in Polish ‘czerstwy’) is attested in Bulgarian чевръст.
NB: No information yet for Kashubian, Macedonian, Slovenian and Lower Sorbian.
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Belarusian чэрствы |
Meaning:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Bosnian čvrst |
Meaning:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Bulgarian чевръст |
Meaning:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Croatian čvrst |
Meaning:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning in Czech:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Czech čerstvý |
Meaning in Polish:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning in Russian:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Serbian чврст |
Meaning:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning in Slovak:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Slovak čerstvý |
Meaning in Polish:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning in Upper Sorbian:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Upper Sorbian čerstwy |
Meaning in Polish:
|
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Ukrainian черствий |
Meaning:
|
Semasiological Map for *čьrstvъ
                     
*čьrstvъ
|
Meanings:  ‘fresh’
 ‘stale’
 ‘sturdy’
 ‘hard, dry’
 ‘dry pastries’
 ‘nimble’
 no such word
no information yet
|
View this map on Wikibooks [Discussion] Edit
| *čьrstvъ |
|
|||||
| fresh | stale | sturdy | hard, dry | dry pastries | nimble | |
| Russian чёрствый | + | + | ||||
| Ukrainian черствий | + | |||||
| Belarusian чэрствы | + | |||||
| Polish czerstwy | + | + | + | |||
| Upper Sorbian čerstwy | + | |||||
| Czech čerstvý | + | |||||
| Slovak čerstvý | + | |||||
| Croatian čvrst | + | |||||
| Bosnian čvrst | + | |||||
| Serbian чврст | + | |||||
| Bulgarian чевръст | + | |||||
| Meanings | fresh | stale | sturdy | hard, dry | dry pastries | nimble |
View on GitHub