False Friends in Slavic Languages
Russian ‘чёрствый’
The database knows following meanings of the Russian word ‘чёрствый’:
- stale
- hard, dry
Semasiological map for ‘*čьrstvъ’
The database has information related to this term for Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Upper Sorbian and Ukrainian.
Russian ‘чёрствый’:
- The Russian meaning ‘stale’ is shared by Belarusian чэрствы, Polish czerstwy and Ukrainian черствий.
- The Russian meaning ‘hard, dry’ is unique.
- The meaning ‘fresh’ (not present in Russian ‘чёрствый’, translated as ‘свежий’) is attested in Czech čerstvý, Polish czerstwy, Slovak čerstvý and Upper Sorbian čerstwy.
- The meaning ‘sturdy’ (not present in Russian ‘чёрствый’) is attested in Bosnian čvrst, Croatian čvrst and Serbian чврст.
- The meaning ‘dry pastries’ (not present in Russian ‘чёрствый’) is attested in Polish czerstwy.
- The meaning ‘nimble’ (not present in Russian ‘чёрствый’) is attested in Bulgarian чевръст.
NB: No information yet for Kashubian, Macedonian, Slovenian and Lower Sorbian.
| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Belarusian чэрствы |
Meaning:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Bosnian čvrst |
Meaning:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Bulgarian чевръст |
Meaning:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Croatian čvrst |
Meaning:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning in Czech:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Czech čerstvý |
Meaning in Russian:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Polish czerstwy |
Meaning in Russian:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Serbian чврст |
Meaning:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning in Slovak:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Slovak čerstvý |
Meaning in Russian:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
|
Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Upper Sorbian čerstwy |
Meaning in Russian:
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| Russian чёрствый |
Meaning:
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Map Bibliography List Wikibook |
| Ukrainian черствий |
Meaning:
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Semasiological Map for *čьrstvъ
                     
*čьrstvъ
|
Meanings:  ‘fresh’
 ‘stale’
 ‘sturdy’
 ‘hard, dry’
 ‘dry pastries’
 ‘nimble’
 no such word
no information yet
|
View this map on Wikibooks [Discussion] Edit
| *čьrstvъ |
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|||||
| fresh | stale | sturdy | hard, dry | dry pastries | nimble | |
| Russian чёрствый | + | + | ||||
| Ukrainian черствий | + | |||||
| Belarusian чэрствы | + | |||||
| Polish czerstwy | + | + | + | |||
| Upper Sorbian čerstwy | + | |||||
| Czech čerstvý | + | |||||
| Slovak čerstvý | + | |||||
| Croatian čvrst | + | |||||
| Bosnian čvrst | + | |||||
| Serbian чврст | + | |||||
| Bulgarian чевръст | + | |||||
| Meanings | fresh | stale | sturdy | hard, dry | dry pastries | nimble |